·The cement prepared from limestone and pozzolana showed greater resistance to sulfuric acid attack when immersed in a 3% H 2 SO 4 solution compare to OPC [11] Compared to concrete with inert aggregates marble concrete displayed less degradation when subjected to sulfuric acid immersion test and impact resonance tests [12]
·In addition when the concrete made using ordinary Portland cement OPC is exposed to a sulfuric acid environment the dissolution of CH occurs followed by the formation of gypsum CaSO 4 ·2H 2 O This process introduces further damage due to sulfate attack expansion due to ettringite formation and subsequent cracking as reported by
·These expansive sulfate salts lead to internal cracks in the concrete and eventually to structural failure [7] Previous studies have confirmed [8] that gypsum and ettringite are the main products of biogenic sulfuric acid corrosion However the differences lied in the generated order and the amount of the two corrosion products and their effects on the cement
Other metal oxides hydroxides and carbonates react with the sulfuric acid solution but are considered side reactions for the purpose of this invention with the exception of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide Due to low levels of non water contaminants typically 5 wt % or less no measurable effect is noticed on the quality of the cement grade gypsum blend by using waste
·Effects of sulfuric acid attack on hydrated calcined clay limestone cement mortars The paper presents experimental findings on the performance of Limestone Calcined Clay Cement LC3 in acidic media LC3 was made by inter grinding a blend of 50 % clinker with ground 30 % Fired Rejected Clay Bricks FRCB 15 % limestone and 5 % gypsum
Method for preparing sulfuric acid by reducing and decomposing gypsum with pyrite US20220411940A1 en 2018 05 18 2022 12 29 California Institute Of Technology Process to convert reduced sulfur species and water into hydrogen and sulfuric acid US12110601B2 en 2018 05 18 2024 10 08 California Institute Of Technology
·Disclosed is a method for manufacturing neutralized gypsum for cement using semiconductor waste sulfuric acid A method for manufacturing neutralized gypsum for cement according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a a step of producing a mixture by mixing a calcium compound and a hydrogen peroxide decomposing agent; b a step of
·Concrete is made up of three primary materials Cement This binds the aggregate and water to form the hardened matrix Acids like sulfuric acid react with calcium compounds in the cement to form calcium sulfate which is water soluble Over time this soluble material gets washed away leaving behind voids and reducing the density of
·Microbial induced concrete corrosion MICC is a major peril to underground structures precipitating material degradation and curtailing the lifespan of concrete [[1] [2] [3]] Bacteria driven processes transformed sulfates into hydrogen sulfide H 2 S which then becomes corrosive sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4 attacking concrete and forming harmful byproducts
·Portland Cement PC has poor resistance against aggressive acidic environment [1] [2] Acid attack is a commonly observed phenomenon in sewer structures and is also referred as biogenic acid attack [3] [4] [5] As a result of acid attack material loss occurs from the surface of a structure leading to section and strength loss [6] A sewer structure is
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