·Pyrite FeS 2 is known as a major sulphide mineral in base metal ore is depressed in copper flotation unless precious elements such as gold Au and silver Ag are associated with it The depression of pyrite has been a challenge in copper flotation as pyrite can be activated by copper ions produced from copper sulphide oxidation
·The effect of grinding media geometries and density on the mill performance was also reviewed to determine what the research has recommended as the most suitable grinding media for different
·Despite the effective depression of pyrite by the combined use of sodium metabisulfite MBS Na 2 S 2 O 5 and Hi Cr steel grinding media in high salinity water many copper processing plants still desalinate saline water with a considerably high cost which motivated this study to identify the best chemical solution to maximise the depression
·The high chrome white iron media contains a significant amount of chromium between 12% and 35% of chromium and thus these types of media are also commonly called high chrome grinding media Greet and Van den Bosch 2014 High chrome media has a higher hardness and higher corrosion resistance than low alloy steel media
International Journal of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology 2013 The paper outlines how experiments were carried out to determine the optimum chromium/carbon Cr/C ratio that brings the required hardness of 65HRC and to establish a
·The cost associated with grinding media is chiefly determined by two factors viz the price and wear performance of the grinding media Different operating conditions can be compared with the effective grinding cost or the cost effectiveness of the application Sepúlveda 2004 This is a challenging task since different operating conditions in comminution circuits
Data from full scale marked ball tests are used to demonstrate the effects of abrasion corrosion and impact on overall wear rate The predominate wear mechanism need be identified before the optimum alloy can be chosen for the grinding media Use of high chromium grinding media often results in increased mill efficiency due to shape retention Thus a benefit from energy savings
·Table 1 Chemical composition of typical grinding media % wt Adapted from [24] Cast Iron Cast iron can be grey cast iron or white cast iron but white cast irons are commonly used in
·The depression of pyrite in copper ore flotation is a challenge in high salinity water although natural pyrite can be depressed readily at alkaline pH due to the formation of iron hydroxides on pyrite surfaces Boulton et al 2001 Mu et al 2016 In copper ore flotation a galvanic interaction occurs between copper minerals and pyrite with copper minerals acting as
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